AngularJS Templating Tutorial Using ng-view
Templating is fantastic for reducing the amount of code you have to maintain, if you have a defined structure to all of your webapp’s pages then templating allows you to create one master page for this structure and then just replace pieces of the page with different content based on the url.
For instance, say we had a blog. If our blog had the same nav bar, the same header image, the same footer, then it makes sense to put this in one place instead of constantly repeating it throughout every page in your application. By defining all this in one page you then have the ability to update your entire application’s design very quickly as opposed to making changes in what could potentially be hundreds of files.
The Templating Solution
In this tutorial I’ll be introducing you to the ng-view angularjs directive. This directive is fantastic for creating multiple page applications that are fast and require no reloading providing a fluent motion through your web application.
You can check out the official documentation for the ng-view directive here: https://docs.angularjs.org/api/ngRoute/directive/ngView
Basic Templating
In this tutorial we’ll be creating a simple shop with a home view, a categories view and a single view.
Our Controllers
In the interest of brevity I’ve kept this as a single file but these could be split into multiple files if you so wished.
var testApp = angular.module("testApp", ["ngRoute"]);
testApp.config(function($routeProvider) {
$routeProvider
.when("/", {
templateUrl: "views/home.html",
controller: "testController"
})
.when("/category/:name", {
templateUrl: "views/category.html",
controller: "CategoryController"
})
.when("/item/:name", {
templateUrl: "views/single.html",
controller: "ShopController"
});
});
testApp.controller("testController", function($scope) {
$scope.myNumber = 1;
$scope.go = function() {
$scope.myNumber = $scope.myNumber + 1;
console.log("hit");
};
});
testApp.controller("CategoryController", function($scope, $routeParams) {
$scope.categoryName = $routeParams.name;
$scope.items = [
{ name: "iPhone", cost: "12.99" },
{ name: "iPad", cost: "14.99" }
];
});
testApp.controller("ShopController", function($scope, $routeParams) {
$scope.itemName = $routeParams.name;
});
Our Master Page:
This is our master template. Here we can define our title, all of our asset imports as well as anything else that we want to feature on every page. In this instance, we’ll want “My Amazing Web Store” featured at the top of every page of our application.
<html ng-app="testApp">
<head>
<title>AngularJS ng-if child scopes example</title>
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.5.8/angular.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.5.8/angular-route.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body ng-controller="testController">
<h2>My Amazing Web Store</h2>
<div ng-view></div>
<script src="script.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
Our Templates
For brevity I’ve kept this in a single code block. You’ll see below the contents of our three different html pages. As you can see we’ve only defined what is going to change whenever we look at these pages and haven’t touched our master template. When viewing all of these routes you should see our h2 tag - My Amazing Web Store - featured at the top followed by each pages distinct html.
... category.html
<h2>{{ categoryName }}</h2>
<ul>
<li ng-repeat="item in items">
<a href="#/item/{{item.name}}">{{item.name}}</a> : ${{item.cost}}
</li>
</ul>
... home.html
<h2>Home Page</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="#/category/apple">Apple Products</a></li>
<li><a href="#/category/microsoft">Microsoft Products</a></li>
</ul>
... ... single.html
<h2>Item</h2>
<p>{{ itemName }}</p>
...
Displaying Custom Components
The above method is great for displaying very simple routes that match to a page and a controller, but what happens if you have defined components? How do you display different components on different routes? Well we can actually make some slight modifications to one of our routes and pass the component like so:
// a very simple component that has a html template and a
// controller bound to it.
var OurComponent = {
templateUrl: 'path/to/our-component.html',
controller: OurComponentController
}
angular.module('ourApp')
.component('OurComponent', OurComponent);
// end of our component
...
$routeProvider
.when('/our-component', {
template: '<our-component></our-component>'
})
...
Conclusion
If you found this article useful or have any further questions then please feel free to let me know in the comments section below.